While I'm waiting for my ships to arrive, the Thalans are busy chasing after my other ships:

Great job, Hithesius. You took out an unarmed freighter manned by civilians! That must have been a real challenge for the mighty Thalan Empire.
Unfortunately, I can't do much about protecting the freighters until my ships are closer and even then, it's going to take some serious firepower to keep them safe while crossing right through Thalan space. So I contact the Iconians and make a deal for four more fighters. It's not much, but if they're interested in selling, I'm interested in buying!
Having now completed research on Advanced Materials, I'm moving on to Technology Progression I:

This is a lengthy project which prepares my space-faring people for the more complex technologies which they need to master.
Some of the AI-controlled empires will also research this before being able to access the rest of the tech tree. The cost of researching it acts as a sort of gate, so if they do not yet have the necessary research infrastructure to research this, there's very little point in them trying to research the costly technologies beyond it. Or in other words, 'you must be this smart to go any further'.
The tps for Tech Progression I are drawn from a number of technologies which come immediately afterwards, so it will actually be quicker to research those - when I'm done with this one, that is. Space Weapons technology is available right after Research Academies, the two of them comprise Core Technologies VI.
Some races such as the Torians have a harder time getting this research done, despite what I have done to streamline their early tech trees, because they don't have much of a research advantage compared to other races.
I'm able to get a detailed scan of a Thalan heavy fighter as it arrives at Banfield II, near the Quendor system:

Although I have a squadron of three Iconian light fighters conveniently available to intercept the lone heavy fighter, I decide not to engage. This single ship has comparable firepower to my squadron and although numbers might win the day, it's more useful to have this intel and still have my ships if they're needed.
However this single heavy fighter doesn't pass up the opportunity to pursue a pair of my fighters when they pass by the Quendor system. Because of their agility they're able to get to Quendor II and take up defensive positions in orbit and fend off the one fighter. They're able to do this because Interstellar Construction is a core technology which I've researched, and allows the construction of the Orbital Command Centre, allowing ships in orbit of one of my colonies to act like a fleet.
In no time at all I have all four of the Iconian fighters that I recently purchased ir orbit of Quendor II to protect it from any further attacks by the Thalans:

Although this is by no means a permanent solution to the Thalan aggression, it will buy me some time to finish my research. And if my fighter pilots happen to get lucky shooting more thalan fighters into little pieces, so much the better!