I think (I'm not sure, because I never activate this option) that Tech Brokering constitutes trading research you traded for: If you bought Soil Enhancement from race X, you can't then go and sell it to race Y, Z, A, B, C, D and 1. The AI sometimes goes a little over the edge with this, but more importantly, the human player often goes over the edge with this (I'm innocent, I swear!) and gains a tech ánd makes a tidy profit...
Disabling tech trading makes it impossible altogether.
I'm not sure which Home Planet quality bonus you mean, but Planet Quality bonusses generally aren't transferable...