I am interested in how similar the individual releases for all the different parts of the world for Galactic Civilizations II are for the basic game, addons, gold as well as the universal edition (exempli gratia regarding patches).
This depends on the publisher of the game in your area and when that specific SKU was released. Versions released later will obviously be more up to date than newer releases. However, all versions can be updated to the latest through Impulse.
In particular I would like to know as well if versions that are casually sold in the German part of Switzerland feature multiple languages, especially english.
These versions should have the option to change the language in the same way the English version does, but this can vary based on SKU and Publisher. Best to contact the publisher directly to see exactly what that specific version includes.
Also,what will boxed versions be outfitted with? For example, do they feature a printed manual?
See above. Really depends on the publisher and SKU you're looking at.